THE POSTAL HISTORY OF INDONESIA INDEPENDENCE WAR
CREATED BY Dr IWAN S
BASE ON HIS PRIVATE DOCUMENT DAN POSTAL HISTORY COLLECTIONS.
BOOK ONE
1945
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I. PREFACE
II. TABLE OF CONTENT
III.AROUND THE REPUBLIC INDONESIA INDEPENDENCE PROCLAMATION
1. PREPARATION OF PROCLAMATION
SUNDAY-AUGUST.12th.1945
__________________________________
1).THE DAI NIPPON MILITARY OCCUPATION JAVA’S CALENDER COLLECTION , JUNE 2605 (1945) with few days of August , THE LAST MONTH BEFORE SURRENDER TO THE ALLIED ARMED FORCES, AND THE BACK OF THIS CALENDER A NOTE HANDWRITTEN Married 16/7-1941 no.124 at Soerabaja.
On this Japanese callender,tehre were the first day of August until 11th August , especially the day of US “H”Bomb were thrown , Monday ,6th, at Hirosima and thirsday, 9th, at Nagasaki,look at the photo (D&P)
(, if some have the other month, August until December ‘s Calender please show us-auth).
2)Sukarno,Hatta and Dr Radjiman Wedijodiningrat were invited by the highest command Japanese Military in east Asia to Dalat *ill(Indochina)
a)to reciept the decision of Japanese Government about Indonesia Independence. In the official meeting ,General Terautji said :”Depand on your masters to decide when Indonesia will Independent”( Hatta,Legend and reality around Proclamation 17 Agustus,Mimbar Indonesia 17 Agustus 1951,no 32/33)
b) On the 12th of August ( which happened to coincide with may birthday) MARSHAL TERAUCHI*ill, told us in Dalat (300 km from Saigon) the decision of the Japanese Government to give up the question of Indonesia’s Independence to the Committee for Preparation of Indonesian Independence.
He said : “It is you gentlemen who are to carry this out, and it is entirely up to you to decide its execution”.
Sukarno then asked :”It is right if we do it a week from now ?
“It is up to you gentlemen” Answered Terauchi.
(Yasni Z,Bung Hatta Anwers,1981,page 116)
c) Field Marshal Terauchi
(1) ,who waswn’t Indonesian’s friend ,Independence was forced by the government in Tokyo (gogle,internet).
(2)the vintage photo of Field Marshal Terauchi (P,google,internet)
d)The vintage photo of Indonesian hero
(1) Sukarno and Hatta during that time.
(2) I haven’t found the photo of Dr Radjiman
e) The Vintage picture postcard of Dalat and Saigon cochinchina ( Emperor Bodai’s palace were in Dalat and used by Marskal Terauchi as Dai Nippon East Asia Command administrations Building, and Saigon after vietnam liberation change name to be Ho Chi Minh City-read the Vietnam Document and Postal History-auth)
b.Page 01-02
Monday, August 13th 1945
1)After returning from Dalat to Saigon,we heard that Russia had attacke Manchuria, and thus the blows against Japan were complete,coming from all direction(ibid yazni,page 117)
2)The Dai Nippon Tax Office Latters
The deputy chief of the state’s tax book checked office Padang west sumatra to the chinese marchant Padang Pandjang West Sumatra, :
“For calculated your income and property ‘s Tax, the chief of Padang’s Tax office , asked all of your tax’s book from the years 1939-1940-1941-1942-1943-1944 with alltax adminstration’s papers income tax etc have to send to our office before 25/8-2605 for checked(D)
.
c.Page 01-03
Tuesday, August .14th .1945
1) when back from Dalat to Jakarta (Via Saigon and Singapore-auth),
(1) the three delegations meet with Mr Teuku Hassan,Dr Amir and Mr Abbas , the member of PPKI (Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan) or the committee for the Preparation of Independence from Sumatra, which will departed with us to Djakarta.They have heard that Russian have anounced the War to Japan and in-vasion Mansjuria(Manchuria), After the discussion we have conclution that the Japanese were falling down willn’t in month and we must proclaimed Indonesia Independence fastly. ( they don’t know about the US “H”Bomb auth)(Ibid,Hatta,1951)
(2 In the morning of August 14 , before we were to be flown back to Jakarta on a bomber, we met Dr Amir. He asked whether it was true that Russian had attacked Japan in Manchuria ? I said tjat it was right.Then Dr Amir said :” then it won’t be much longer”
I said ,”That’s right.We are not counting in months anymore bur a most in just weeks . Psychollogy Japan had already lost, being attacked from the south and the North”(ibid Yasni ,p-117,1985)
(3)So the three of us (Sukarno,Hatta and Radjiman) started home for Indonesia. In Singapore, we recieved an invitation from the Commander of the Japanese army there) . Delegates from North Sumatra (Dr Amir,Abbas and Hassan) were invited to a party by a lower level of the Japanese army leadership. We were invited by a higher level. It looked as though the Japanese were afraid for us to meet (ibid,Yasni,p 117,1984)
(2 )Sukarno annouced that Independence will be fastly in Kemayoran airpot.
(a)After came back at Jakarta, in Kemayoran airport (Kemayoran now the Jakarta Fair area, and Sukarno Hatta international airport in Cengkareng Tangerang-auth), sukarno have said in he front of many peoples “ In before I have said that our Independence before the “Jagung” berbuah”or seeds…., now I can concluded that. Independence before “Jagung” were flowered)” (ibid Hatta,1951)
(b) When we arrived at Kemayoran airpot in Jakarta, we were met by the Gunseikan.
Without going home first, we were taken to the Palace to meet the Gunseikan. We were welcomed with a happy face and clear laughter by the Gunsereikan , and had dinner with high –ranked Japanese authoritied, there were even a toast and congratulation over “Indonesia Independence” (Yasni,p-117,1984)
(3) Emperor Hirohito asked the Dai Nippon Military surrendered to allied Army(D)
(4) Sjahrir Told Hatta that Japanese have aksed peace to Allied Armed Forces and suggest Sukarno annouced via radio Indonesia Independence.
(a)In the afternoon 14th Agustus , Sjahrir came to told me that Japanese have asked peace to Allied, and he asked how about our Independence ? I have aswered our Independence was on our hands.
The Sjahrir’s opinion,that the Indonesia Indepen-dence proclamation willn’t by the commitee of preparation Indonesian Independecde because the allied Army will said that the birth of Republic of Indonesia was made by the Japanese. Better only Sukarno himself annouced as the leader under the people’s named via Radio.(ibid,Hatta,1951)
(b) This party was over around 1.30 in the afternoon. Only then did we go home.At Home I found Syahrir waiting. “How was it?”he said .
I said that the japanese had given the matter up to us. Then Syahrir said that it would be better if the proclamation of Independence were not made by the Committee for the Preparationb of Independence, because Japan had already surrendered, whilst the Committee were made by Japan. It would be better if the proclamation were made just by Bung Karno.
I said , would he want to do that, because, after all, he was the Chairman of that Committee. I phoned Bung Karno tight away. I asked :”You weren’t asleep yet?”.Bung Karno answered :”No,not yet” Then I said :”Something important has come up, Syahrir and I would like to come now for a few minutes”. Bung karno said :”Alright,please comenow”
Syahrir and I went there immedietely. Bung Karno was waiting for us. Syahrir then suggested that Bung Karno himself should make the proclamation. Sukarno said that, however things might be, it would not be right for him to seize the opportunity himself in this matter without acting together with the Committee.
Syahrir said that with the regard to this matter, Bung Karno should act as leader of the people, while the Committee was made by Japan.
Again Bung Karno said that no matter how things might be, we had cooperated with the Japanese for quite a long time.
Bung Karno also said at that time that he did not yet know for certain and was not yet convinced that the Japanese had surrendered already, as Syahrir said.
“All right then , tommorow,together with Bung Hatta, I’ll go yo the Gunseikanbu to make inquiries; that won’t be too late ,will it?” Bung karno said. Said Syahrir ,”No,that won’t be too late”.(Yasni,1984,p-118)
d.Page 01-04.
______________________________________________________
WENDSDAY-AUGUST 15th 1945
(1) Dai Nippon Military official surender was signed on the US Arrmed forces USS”Missouri”,the official photo (D)
(2) Although Dai Nippon was officially surrendered, the Dai Nippon Military Administration still exist in Indonesia
(,they have waited to give the power to Allied army, but the allied army very late came to Indonesia, that is way the Japanese Military Administration still exist until The British Army under allied army came. The unique and postal history collection will proved that situation-auth)
(a)“KartjisPadjak Penghasiloan Negeri ”or the Coupon of State income Tax of Chinese Merchant Padang Pandjang West sumatra have paid this day via postal office(PH)
(, they didn’t know that Dai Nippon have surrendered because all news paper and radio were banned-auth)
(b)In 15th August, the Japanese have asked” Peace” to Allied Armed forces( they didn.t like to say “Surren-dered”,may be they ashamed and still had the power -auth), that is way we dicided
(1) to invited the member of PPPK (Indonesia Independence prepatory Committee) to have the meeting at 10.00 morning in the Sanyo Office at Pejambon 2.
(2) Indonesia Indepence Proclamation must be announce as fast as we could, the Indonesia National Basic Law (UUD) must be “Mufakat” without any discussed and the Indonesia Governerment at Central and Regional area must be done in several days only.
(3) The PPKI’s members from regional area must came back to their area with bring the complete instructions from the Indonesia Independence Government. If they back latetly,may be the Japanese will banned them backhome because the Japanese have the powered from the Allied Army( Jurukuasa o underpower.)
(4) That True Japanese had aggreed Indonesian Independence, but may be the allied army will asked the Japanese army to liquidatied Indonesia and will tried to gave back to Dutch East Indie Government.
(5) Organized revolution must exist, then Indonesion Independence could resisted with all Indonesian people’s struggled. Depend on this ,then I am “menentang” or against the Youngman,Peta and peoples’s “Merebut Kekuasaan” or Fight the Power theory, that suggested in the afternoon by in memoriam Subianto and subadio, the Parlemen’s member now.
The fight of Power must be after the Independence Proclamation by Bung karno via Radio.To the two Men I said that I like Revulution, but against the “Putsch”or Rebellion.The Young men didn’t sustified to this explenation but latter they have said that that were true and Subianto have done my special tasked until he was died in Serpong. (ibid Hatta,1951)
(c)The following morning (15th August 1945) we went to the Gunseikanbu,( Dai nippon Military Administration Headquaters , the present Pertamina building-auth). There was nobody there. Except for a single Lieutenant by the name of Nomura, If I’m not mistaken.
Everybody had been summoned to the Gunserei-kanbu .I thought, the Japanese had indeed already surrendered.
Subardjo, assistant to Admiral Maeda, who was also with us at the time suggested that we go straight away to Admiral Maeda. Which we did, and we met Maeda.
Bung karno asked whether the rumours were true, the Japan had surrendered .Maeda was silent , for sevela minutes he did not anwer and his head was bowed. I pinched Bung Karno and whispered :”It looks as if the rumours are true”
*ill Admiral S.Maeda
In the end , Maeda drew a long breath and said :” According to Allied broadcasts,yes.But we have not yet recieved any instruction at all from Tokyo. It is those instructions from Tokyo that are decive”(He didn,t told that The Tenno Haika Hirohito asked the Military to Surrender –auth)
After that we took leave from Maeda. As you know, Bung Karno was Chairman of The Preparatory Commi-tee, I was the Vice Chairmain, and for daily activity Siebardjo assited us. I told Soebardjo to call a meeting of all members of the Prepatory Committee for the morning of 16th August 1945 at Pejambon (now Foreign affair Ministry office-auth) Soebardjo called all the members by phone: they were all staying in the Hotel Des Indes.
(d)In the afternoon of 15th August
Two people came to my house, Soebianto (margono’s son) and soebadio. Both urged me to influence Soekarno to be willing to make the proclamation on behalf ofthe leaders of the people. Not on behalf of the Prepatory Committee, because ita was made by Japan.
I said that this depneded on Soekarno himself. I wondered whether he would want to do what or not. But I was afraid he would not want to, because he was the Chairman of that committee. If be stepped foward alone, he woulkd be usurping other people’s right. Maybe he wouldnot want to do that.
Soebianto and Soebadio continued to press me and said :” If you pres him, of course Bung Karno will do it.”I said :” On what grounds would I press him? He,myself, the member of the Committee, all have worked together with the Japanese, but if there somebody who will make the proclamation who ever never cooperated with the Japanese, it be best for him just vto do it.
We continue to argue, at the end those two people said : “Well, in arevolutionary period, Bung Hatta cannot be brought in.” I answered :” That is not how it is. I am now preparing a revolution. The revolution has not begun yet. We are preparing for it. I don not want to make a Putsch as Hitler did in Germany, which failed . If we act , we must succeed” then the two went away.
(e)It shloud also be said here,that on the night of 15 august, in preparation fdor the meetinmg of the Prepatory Committee next morning in 16 August, I typed out the opening of the Constitution to be used as the text for proclamation.While I was typing, Soebardjo came in, it was about eight o’clock at nihght.He said,”Bung Karno is beingf attacked by the youth. We should go there together “. So I went in Soebardjo’s car because my driver was not there.Wikana talked a lot. Wikana insisted that the proclamation should be made the same night (The ninght of August 15th).
Soekarno sait it could not de done because it was only tomorrow (August 16th) that we were going to have a meeting. Wikana said, we do not want the proclamation made by the Prepatory Committee is rgarded as made by Japan. I said, if the Prepatory Committee is regarded as made by Japan,Bung Karno and I, and also many other leaders, have been cooperatin with the Japanese for a long time.So if things are like this, it is neccessary to look for somebody to make the proclamation, chosen from among who have never cooperated with the Japanese.
And we will back them up. But the youth still wanted Bung karno to do it. At the time Wikana said,that, if by twelve midninght Bung karno had not proclaimed the Indepnedence of Indonesia the on the following morning(16 August 1945) there would be bloodshed.
Then Bung karno became angry.He stood up straight away and went up to Wikana, and, pointing to his neck, Bung karno said :” Here is my neck. You needn’t wait till tomorrow. Take me down and finishe me off this very night.”
“ Oh,that’s not what I mean,Bung” said Wikana.”Then ,what do you mean ?”.”The people and our youth will rebel and will start killing the Ambonese here”, said Wikana.
Then I put in ,:”Why the Ambonese? You want to start a revolution, why do it by killing your own people , you want to kill innocent people? He answered :’ Well, the Ambonese are considered to be NICA (Netherlands Indische Civil Agency-auth) , aqccomplices of the Dutch”. I said :” That’s only what people think. For some time already, they have worked together with us, and now you want tokill them? What sort of way is that ?”
TEMPERS WERE RUNNING HIGH, THE i SUGGESTED TO Bung Karno that the four of us should talk inside. These four were Bung karno, myself,Dr Boentaran and soebardjo. For fifteen minutes we talked in another room at Pegansaan Timur, I suggested to Bung Karno that he should tell thoise young people to find someone from among themselves who had never cooperated with Japanese to make the proclamation, and we would state we would(shall?) back them up to the full. Let them makes the proclamation.
After about fifteen minutes we came out again and Bung Karno firmly told them so.In turned out that they still wanted Bung Karno to make the proclamation. Not a single one of them was ready or dared do it.
“To nignt we will not come to an agreement. It is useless”’said Bung Karno,”I am determined to go on with the meeting of the Preparatory Commitee tomorrow. Then proceed with the proclamation of Independence. If you do not agree, that’sis your business.I’m not going to take their right for myself. There’s no use in your pressing me, just go home first, and we’ll stop here”(ibid Yasni,1984).
.
(3) The vintage photo collections
(a) the Vintage photo of Kemayoran airport(P)
(b) The Vitrage photo of Gunsekanbu office(now Pertamina Office)(P)
(c)The Vintage photo of Pejambon ,now Foreign affairs Menistry office) (P)
(d) The Vintage photo of Admiral Maeda(P)
(e) The Vintage photo of Syahrir(P)
(f)The Vintage photo of Soebardjo(P)
(g)The Vintage picture postcard of Hotel des Indes where the member of the Independence Preparatory Committee stayed( Now WismaNusantara)(P)
2. DURING PROCLAMATION
Thursday-AUGUST 16th 1945
1)SUKARNO AND HATTA , IN THIS MORNING AT 4.00 PM carried off BY SUKARNI CS TO RENGASDENGKLOK .
(1)Vintage Hatta’s version in 1951
At 16 August 1945 ,10.00 morning, all members of PPKI and several femous man with pers were presented in Pedjambon 2 building, but who weren’t present were…
…..the invitator, Sukarno and Hatta, because they at 4.00 morning they were carried out to Rengasdengklok by Sukarni cs.
Their reason have told by Sukarni for bring us, because Sukarno didn.t proclaimed the Indonesia Indepenced like what their”kehendaki” or preffered , then the Youngmen , PETA(ex Dainippon defend Homeland army) and peoples will “bertindak” done themself.
In Jakarta will be an Revolution to fight the power from Japanese, that is way Bung karno and us must be flee to Rengasdengklok to administratived the Indonesia Independent Government there.
When heared that , in the front of my face(mind) that the Disasters will happened to Indonesia, the mad actions of the younmen willn’t succeeded .This Rebellion will killed the Indonesian Revolution.
At this day , the Hotblood youngmen could not relized their own theory. Rebellion didn’t happened , outside Jakarta theren’t preparations aanymore. The Japanese have ready with their completed war machined to welcome all will be happaned.
In Rengasdengklok weren’t any meeting. There we “mengangur” Lost worked one day to saw from far the vision without based with reality.But, if there a place in Indonesia that realy be the fight of the power was at Rengasdengklok. The Rengasdengklok’s PETA have arrested theJapanese’s Wedana(Village’s Chief and two or three Japanese”Sakura” who adminstratived the Rice. The Jakarta’s Syotyokan(Mayor)this day have came to Rengasdengklok to check the Rice stock, he also arrested “coup d’etats .
For Who and under the whomed’s name the PETA fight the power there? For and under the name of Indonesian Independence? Indonesian Independence wasn,t birth this day and There wasn,t exist Indonesia Revolusioner Government.
In the afternoon Mr Subardjo have came as the Gunseibu’s envoy to bring us Home and Sukarni didn’t against that. In the night we came back to Djakarta also with Sutardjo and Sukarn and the Peta asked what about the Wedana, we said released him. At this nignh the the chief of Revolutiuon , will be started, and came back to the hand of Sukarno-Hatta (ibid Hatta,1951)
(2)Later Version By Hatta in 1984
At four o’clock in the morning, after my last meal before sunrise ( this during the Moslem fasting month). Soekarni came to my house with somebody from PETA ( I don’t remenbmber his name anymore) to fetch me.
Soekarni said :”I,m asking you to came with us”. “Where to?” I said.”Out of town” he said.”What are we going out of town for ?”I said again. Soekarni anwered : “ Well, we are going to free Indonesia and continue the Goverment from there, out of town”
”What government, it hasn’t been formed ye t.Independence hasn’t been proclaimed yet, only tomorrow morning. What gouvernment are you talking about?”
“Well that is how it is.This is the decision of the youth. Bung Karno and you aare going to be taken out of town, independence will proclaimed there “ said Soekarni.
I answer ,:” Oh,that’s how it is. What you are trying to do is the same as Hitler’s abortive Putsch in Munich,that is,trying to seize power without any backbone and mature planning” I laso said :” We were gpoing to proclaim our independence and you’re going to make a failure of it”
Soekarni said again :” Well,in any case ,just come with us,Bung. If you don’t come. Bung karno won’t want to come either”
From my house I was tkaen to Bung Karno’shouse. From there Bung Karno, Fatmawati, Guntur, all of us, were taken to the border of Krawang in the direction of Rengasdengklok. Near krawang before turning off to Rengasdengklok, the car stopped. We were removed into a pick-up vehicle. The milk for baby Guntur was left behind in the previous car, which was sent back to Jakarta. Perhaps the reason was to prevent people from knowing where they had taken us. With that pick-up finally arrived in Rengasdengklok.
We were put in the office of the Daidan ( a lower administrative unit of PETA) . We were ordered to sit there. The house was two-storied, upstair seemed to be their bedrooms. We sat there together . Then the Wedana of Rengasdengklok was brought there.He was startled to see us there.
After sitting there for an hour, we were told to move to another house not far away.It seemd to be the house of a Chinese, a landowner herer. We were guarded by a young man with a bambooo spear. Until close to tweleve noon nothing happened . Then I called the guard and asked him to call Soekarni. I said :” The man who brought us here, his name is soekarni,” He still didn’t know. I told him to ask the daidan.
The guard went away, Of course, he should not have left us. But Bung Karno and I told him to go, so he went. Miltarily of course, he was in fact being indisciplinary. Not long after that the guard came back with Soekarni. We asked him :”How is it, have you stated your revolution ? This morning you said that the people would attck.Have the people attacked jakarta yet ?”
He said , there had been no contact with Jakarta,yet. Bung Karno and I told him tophone Jakarta, to contact his headquaters and asked them whether it had taken place or whether it had failed or was it just talk and there had been no realization at all
He went . We waited for a long time. It almost an hour, and still he had not comeback. I thought, nothing was happenening.
About two o’clock in the afternoon he came back at last and said that he tried to contact Jakarta; it was very difficult to make contacct at first, but at least he had done so,he said.
“And what has happened ? have the people attacked Jakarta ?” .”No,there’s been no attack”,he said.”This morning you said that the people were going to attack and disarm the Japanese, therefore you brought us here. Now,itseems , nothing has happened. So,you’ve failed.” I said.”That is not sure yet.” H e replied.
Thus , we just waited and waited as we had done since morning. All that Bung Karno and I did was to take turns with Fatmawati holding Guntur and trying to quieten him.He kept on crying because there was no milk. Fatmawati couldnot feed him and there was no canned milk because it had been left in the car had been sent back to Jakarta that morning.
When it was my turn to be holding Guntur on my lap, he uninated. My trouser were wet and I had no change.So I could not say mt prayers, wheas it was fasting month. Only aound one in the afternoon was atin of milk brought and only then did Guntur become quiet.
That evening toward six o’clock,Soebardjo came from Jakarta looking for us. He negotiated with the Daidan to take us back to Jakarta.
First the daidan refused. Soebardjo pointed out “What is the use of detaining Bung karno and Bung Hatta here ? Nothing is happening in Jakarta. It is absolutely queit there. The meeeting this morning was cancelled because you brought Bung Karno and Bung Hatta here. Why must it be like this ?”
When we were to be taken back to Jakarta , i asked jokingly,”Better if we spent the night here, it is ill-time now,” Fatmawati(Soekarno’s wife)protested :”No, the tin of milk for Guntur which the guard brought is finished. Guntur will suffer and will cry again.At least we started for Jakarta.
In the end we were ready again to go back to Jakarta.
Soekarni also went with us.
Funny things happaned also on our way ack. Soekarno,myself and Soebardjo sat in the back in the car, while Soekarni sat in front next to the driver. Fatmawati and Guntur together with Soetardjo were in another car.
On our way to Jakarta before we passed Krawqang, we saw smoke in the distance, said Soekarni :” Now then the people have started to burn down the properties of the Chinese.” Bung Karno told the driver to goon, then to stop for a while when we told the driver to have a look. Laten on, he said it was only the people burning rice straw. We all doubled up with laughter. Soekarni did look slightly embarrassed.
When we reached jakarta, Soetardjo accompanied Fatmawati and Guntur home to 56 pegangsaan street (now Proklamasi street)with their own car ,
Bung Karno and myself ,Soebardjo and soekarni went to my place with our car.
I immediately asked Soebardjo to phone Hotel de Indess to CALL A MEETING THAT SAME NIGHT OF MEMBERS OF THE PREPATORY COMMITTEE AT MIDNIGHT AT HOTEL das INDES to continue the meeting which had not taken place that morning.
Those at Hotel des Indes said by phne that for some time past the Japanese has instructed the hotel management sot to allow meetings to be held after ten at night.
Soebardho suggested we try to ask MAEDA’S AGREEMENT TO HOLD THE MEEETING AT HIS HOUSE. We AGREED WITH Soebardjo suggestion.Maeda answered by phone:”He would with pleasure put his house at our disposal for the meeting and he was happy to hear that the two of us had returned to Jakarta. All 21 members were invited to hold that MIDNIGHT MEETING.
Each of us wanted to go home first since there were still a few hours to go before midnight.”What about me?” asked Soekarni.”You go home too”I said. “But,I can’t go like this, in my PETA uniform”. “Why are you afraid. You took tke risk,you dared make a revolution, why should you be afraid of being arrested by the Japanese?”. In the end i lent him a few clothes, which happened to fiyt. Perhaps a bit tight, but he went home in those cloth. Going back to Jakaeta he was in PETA uniform, although he had no right to them because he was not a member of PETA.
Then there was a telephone call from Miyoshi, my laisson man at the Gunseikanbu, saying that the Sumobucho wanted to see me. I told Miyoshi that we would come around 10. p.m. . After taking bath I phoned Bung Karno to fetch me to go to Maeda’s and the Gunseikan at 10 p.m.
First we went to Maeda’s house and accompanied by Maeda too, we went to the house of the Sumabucho. (Read Dai Nippon Military adminstration Java about the Dai Nippon official goverment-auth) .
Maeda was delighted we were back and shook hands with us. The Sumobucho did not allow the holding of meeting any longer. “What can we do? We have surrendered to the Allies and now we are just tools of the Allies. The Allies instructed us to guard the status quo no changes are to be made anymore.
We immediately answered rather harshy :”You are a Samurai. General Terauchi at Dalat left it to us. What about your oath and your promise as a Samutai to us ?” “We are in a different position now”, he said. “You alway stalk, about your Samurai spirit. Show it to us no”,We retorted.
Bung karno and I indeed used rathervharsh words and apparentley Miyoshi refined it translation a little, but eventually, we didn’t achieve anything.
Bung Karno said again :” So, if our youth takes action,will your army shoot them ?” The Sumobucho said :” Yes, we are forced to. Thoses are the Allied instructions, there is nothing esle to be done.”
Maeda went home earlier. He seemed bored by that endless talk. In the end, after about one hour, we also left the house of the Sumobucho and returned to Maeda’s house.Maeda just laughed, saying that the Sumobucho had no standpoint. At the beginning we were five peoole gathered there, that is, Bung Karno, myself, Soebardjo, Sayuti Melik and Soekarni.
We agrred ten to write the text odf the proclamation. I said that the text had been prpared since last night, was at my place. It wasn’t quite ready; I was typing it, when I was taken to Bung Karno’shouse.
Bung karno said that we should make just a short text ,” Bung Hatta knows better Indonesian than I do. Think about it and write it down” said Bung Karno.
To think and write at the same time is rather difficult. I’ll think out the sentences and Bung Karno write them down” I said.
Then I spoke the sentences of the draft proclamation, and Bung Karno wrote them down on paper. The two main sentences that i dictated were,” We, the Indonesian peopke, hereby proclaim the Independence of Indonesia. The tranfer of power and the like, matters relating there to will be carried out carefully and in the shortest possible time”
Bung Karno slowly read the text of the proclamation. Tree time he read it. Ultimately everybody agreed unanimously, everybody accepted it happily. Everybody shouter :”Agrreed1”.
Then I asked the all saying:” So this is an important document for the historyu of our nation.Let us all who are present here sign this document . Just as when George Washington made his proclamation, evereybody present signed the document .” Nobody answere. Dilence. Then Soekarni said:” It is not good if all of us sign the document. Soekarno-Hatta is sufficient on behalf of all the people of Indonesia
Everuybody was happy. I was rather annoyed, because they were given an opportunity to make history, but didn’it want to take it (may be they were affraid to Japanese ????-auth ,what your comment?). So, it seem they only looked like tigers from the outside. Iapparently they were brave, but in fact they were not).
The meeting was ended, everybody was happy. Maeda came down from his room upstairs. He shook hands with everybody present. We ordered the btext of the proclamation to be retyped, multiplied and broadcast.
Thus, only that night had the Sunobucho told us that since tweleve noon that day instruction had been recieved by Japan from the Allies that the status quo was not to be changed, and therefore the holding of meetings could not be approved. But Maeda not only gave permission , but even put his house at our disposal for that historic meeting. I think the reason Maeda did that was HIS CONSCIENCE AS SAMURAI SOLDIER HE FELT BOUND BY Japan’s promise, and (perhaps) he felt he was going to punished by the Allies anyway, so it was better to help the wishes of the Indonesian ppeople to reach the treshold of their ieals.
That is my private guess. So, the meeting which was to be held in the morning 0f 16th August 1945 was cancelled which we had been carried off to Rengasdengklok, and it was not true the Japanese prevent it.
It is necessary to note here, which I learnt afterwards, that threre was a proposal by Soekarni which he conveyed through Soebardjo, to add five more names to participate in the signing of the text of the proclamation, but Soebardji did not mention this during the early morning meetin in August 17. Maybe it was because Soekarni had said that night it was enough for just two people to sign it (ibid Yasni,1984).
(In the originnal text, Soekarno writting some off Hatta dictated were stripped and changed from”Af-voi vo q(not clear) change to”Penjerahan”(recapitulation) and then change to”pemindahan”, the word “ dioesahakan’ change to “diselenggarakan” Djakarta 17-8-’05 Wakil2 bangsa Indonesia. This text of Proclamation’s concept than Type by Sayuti Melik with change Djakarta hari 17 Boelan 8 tahoen 05 (japanese year 2605 or 1945) , atas nama bangsa Indonesia(On behalf of Indonesian people ) Soekarno- Hatta, this original concept informed on the merdeka magazine during six moth Independent “Merdeka” by the owner B.M.Diah, and many years keep by him and then after many years he gave back to president Soeharto and now keep in MONAS monument Jakarta-auth)
(3)Other version were written by the Youngmen like Adam Malik,Sukarni,etc but didn’t listed here
(If you want that books please contact in your comment auth)
II.INFORMATION SHEET NO 02.(AUGUST,1945)
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DURING AND AFTER INDEPENDENCE PROCLAMATION
IN 17th AUGUST 1945.
a.Page 02-01
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SATURDAY, AUGUST. 17th. 1945
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a)Proclamation Preparationed
1) Hatta’s version
(1) vintage version (ibid,Hatta.1951)
At midnight(r early morning 17th August 1945-auth) , after the meeting with Sumobutjo where the Japanese have been the caretaker under the allied, there were the meeting with all the members of Independence prepatory Committee, the delegation of Youngmen and people .
In the meeting depend on the youngmen suggestion have the” round”(all said yes-auth) conclusion that the Indonesia Independent proclamation only sign by Sukarno-Hatta under the name of Indonesia’s nation.(Hatta didn’t told where and how the Independence declaration was produced, may be for the security. The detailed were told later in 1984 –auth.)
(2)later version (ibid,Yusni,1984)
I phoned Bung karno to fetch me to go to Maeda’s and teh Gunseikan at 10.00 PM (August 16th 1945). First we went tomaeda’s house, amd, accompanied by Maeda too, we went to the House of the Sumobucho (where the Gunsereikan, the hignest Dai Nippon military ‘s chief in Java, who know ? please give us information? –auth
The Sumobuchondid not allow the holding of meetings any longer.(HE SAID)”‘WHAT CAN WE DO ?We have surrendered to the Allies and now we are just tools of the Allies. The Allies instructed us to guard the status quo, no changes are to be made anymore.”
We also left the house of the Sumobucho and returned to Maeda’s house. At the beginning we were five people gather there. We agreed then to write the text of the proclamation. Etc read above!
Later on, just before the meeting broke up, I asked for food of my before-dawn meal fromMaeda. Before I went home in Soekarno’s car, we agreed to meet again at 10.00 a.m. that morning at Pegangsaan Timur , Soekarno,s house , to hold the ceremony of reading the text of the proclamation.
(This was the new information after 43 years independend in 1984,that only five people in the meeting, and what about the member of Prepatory Committee as told in 1951 ?Hatta din’t mentioned in 1984?-who have the factual collection about this, please momment- auth)
(3) Other version
Many version depend on the writers, (I haven’t written in this blocked, if someone need please tell us in the comment, and we will write in special topic-auth)
2)Proclamation ceremony
(1)vintage Hatta version
17 Agustus 1945 , 10.00 o,clock (Indonesia time ) the text of Indonesian Independence was proclaimed to all the people (in the front of Sukarno house,East Pengasaan street, the house was burned and now become the Pola Buildings and in the the locations was build Proclamation Sukarno-Hatta statue, the lattest locations was moved from the first location –look at the pictured postcard.
Hatta didn’t mantioned who read the Text of proclamation Sukarno or another people in vintage and later version, also in another version by Moerdijanto(1952) “ Ir Sukiarno and Drs Moh Hatta , on behalf of Indonesia nation, proclaimed Independence of all Indonesia. After read the proclamation teaxt etc…” ? please comment and show us your factual collection related to this historic moment, one information have found , please read (2)- auth)
(2)Merdeka magazine’s version (17 Feb.1946)
The Narasion left of the Proclamation photo( the photo was cutted and the two ladies beside Fatmawati and two men with PETA uniform didn.t seen and not got quality repro.uth) :Your excellency, PJM(Paduka Yang Mulia),Presiden Ir. Soekarno , between M.Hatta and Colonel Abdul Latief Hendradiningrat (wrong , because that moment he haven’t choose as President snd Abdul latief ex PETA ,didn’t rank Colonel-auth), Proclaimed on Behalf of all peoples(Indonesia) Indonesia Independence.
(3)Vintage Proclamations day ‘s collections
(a) Document history collection
(1)Until this day I haven’t found the original document related with the text of Indonesia Independence Proclamations , only Repro photos of Proclamations ceremony and the Sukarno handwritten ‘s concept in Merdeka Magazine (feb.1946) and many other magazines(D)
(2) I have seen before a Java character newspaper date August,17th,2605. without the informations of Proclamation and only the information of the Indonesia Independence preparation Committee. ( if someone have the original document/photos about the cremony and the text of Indonesia Independence Proclamation please contact us-auth)
(3) The original photo’s repro of Indonesia Independence proclamations , Sukarno in Complete White dress with “Kopiah”Cap, was holding bigger paper, not small Independece proclamation’s text, biside him at the left Hatta in white complete Dress and he put his hand back , without “Kopiah”Cap and at the right Abdoel latief Hendraningrat with PETA uniform, was holding Samurai.
They were standing in the front of the House and the vintage loudspeaker was used.
In the back of repro photo,Violet Handstamped “Foto Departemen Penerangan,Sumber”Foto Deppen” harus disebutkan jika foto dipakai untuk publikasi apapun. Kode negatip:”(the Photo of Indonesia “Penerangan”Departemen, source “Foto Deppen” must said if the photo was used for publication. Negative Code:
), Biside the stamped, three pen’s handwritten : 3 , R 83-4442 and ½ Hal. In the biggest photo we could seen Fatmawati (Sukarno wife, Hatta alone stilln’t married, and ten people , (Who were them ? please comment, because in small photo in another magazine Fatmawati didn’t seen and only five people with civil dress behind sayuti Melik and added three men with PETA uniform in the back of Hatta-auth) (page).(D)
(4) The repro of the ceremony to flied- Up the Red-White Indonesia Flag in Document Historica (Hasan Ralliby,1948)
in the front of Sukarno House, we can see Hatta without cap and Soekarno with cap in the right side, and Abdoel latief Hendradiningrat with PETA uniform and two youngmen with civil dress (? Who) one holding the flag at left, and the other one in the center to pull the string to up the flag , also we can see Fatmawati(Sukarno’s wife who had made the flag) from behind Fatmawati with kebaya ,selen-dang on hair and long stripdesign ‘s wear , and, beside her, two another women with kebaya dress withoutt selendang on their hairs (who ?), and the leftside were seen one civillian’s youngmen (who ?).( who know the persons in the photo, please comment)
(5) The Situation before Independence proclamation ceremony at Pegangsaan Timur (D.Bassa,Merdeka Magazine,Jakarta, 17 February 1946)
In looked at the situation during Independence proclamation at East Pegangsaan , and at that memorable time, the writer was in the center of thousand youngmens.
Long before the ceremony, the sukarno’s house were different than anotther day, everybody who passed in the front of me that time with the meaning of that will be opened the new page of history.
In the front (beranda) and in the center o the house were exist many peoples , included envoys from other indonesian island ( outside Java-auth) , the member of Independence Preparation Commitee, the other day(16 August) they haved meeting to choose President and Vice-president Republic of Indonesia( The writer wrong , he didn’t know that the meetinh had cancelled because Sukarno-Hatta bring out to Rengasdengklok by Sukarni and Wikana-auth)
I couldn’t caculated how many youngmen and “Pelopor” guard(Barisan) which still came at this day. (Hatta later’s information,” There were also rumours that it was(The Independence proclamation-auth) going to be read at Ikada Stadium (now was change to Market).
Therefore, may people went to Ikada, so that only about 100 people were present at the ceremony at Pegangsaan Timur; not many, but it was quite solemn, although it was short and concise.Ibid Yusni,1984,p-129)
Bung karno and Bung Hatta had came from the place(“Suatu Tempat “? I think Sukarno stayed in that house because theIndependence proclamation in the front varanda of his house-auth) with their guard from Ex PETA (? WHO) and the Independent Proclamation will done fastly(segera). My heart became “Tentram”(easy) and “Tenang”(peace) , although before feeled “Sangsi’ (doubtness), The Independence will annouced”Segera” .
The preparations of ceremony were done, the ceremony command’s(R.A.Abdoel Latif Hendraningrat) words that asked all the participants : Famous men, younrmen and gilrs, the member of “Pelopor” (Barisan Pelopor) etc, to stand with “teratur” and must look atPresident and vice-president (the writers haved written this article sixt month later, that is way he used the rank that time-aut) the ceremony with “Tertib” as still heared in my ear when write this article. He have said :”The People of Independence State must know how to honoured their “Leaders” (the writers used word President and vice prisident, he made the wrong statement again, that time Sukarno-Hatta only the National leaders-auth )
Everybody have done like the Young Opsir’s said . “The Indonesian Leaders Sukarno Hatta” in the front of the youngmen,students and Pelopor which stood in the bigger “perkarangan” outside of the house were under the undrawned word’s feelling ( tak dapt dilukiskan dengan kata-kata), but deep in my heart I had feeled “Inocent (Kesoetjian) and happiness(kebahagiaan)”
(6)Situation during Independence’s Proclamation ceremony (ibid,Basa.D,1946)
The text of Indonesia Independence Proclamation was readed by Dr Moewardi, the Ceremonial,s Chief, and after that readed together ( by all the participants included Sukarna and Hatta, many years everybody have wrong that Sukarno had read the text, because in 1950 The Radio of Republic Indonesia (RRI) have produced the record Indonesia National Song”Indonesia Raya” arranged by Indonesian National Police’s band command by in memoriam R.Sudjasmin with the sound of Sukarno who read the proclamarion text, I have that record. Every morning the RRI have played this record as the started’s song before the beginning of the program -auth)
R.Soewirjo on the behalf of Jakarta city ‘s people, also gave “sambutan”’s word , “We, Indonesian People have choosed our way to confrontated the difficult situation of this time, that we have dicided as the best and right moment to proclaimed our Independence at this day.(Later he became the first Mayor of Jakarta-auth)
The Ceremonial’s participant have more attantioned when Hatta have came in the front of Microphone and told about the meaning of Indonesia Independence text.
Soekarno have made the ceremonial’s participant into the melanchollied’s felling(terharu), when he said :” After many centuries all of the people of Indonesia had fighted (became to be reality-auth) , the duty and loaded (beban) as the people of Independence’s state have became more heavy.
Sukarno said :”All the people, at long time in their heart have the believed that the Independence of any nation must be found by the power of their own nation.
Sukarno also said “The enemy willn’t declined the “Red-White” Indonesia national’s flag before stepped up the dead-bodies of 70 millions Indonesia People bodies. We only like to see the Red-white flag inclined but not declined . Lets we guarded and took care the flag still “berkibar”,fleed, until the end of the century ”
The ceremony were closed with “Soempah Kesetiaan” The loyalty’s of the people and sung the Indonesia national’s Song “Indonesia Raja” ( the tradition now that the National Song only Sing with or without Band during the inclination of the Flag , The writer have said the Song have sung at the end of ceremony after the inclination of the flag,I think that true , because if we look at the historic’s photo by Mendur ‘s brother every bodie’s mouth especially Sukarno and Hatta still closed not sung/open , if some one have another information please comment-auth.)
(b) Postal History
(1) Off covers straight tree of the Dainippon Sumatora stamps 31/2 cent, Postally used CDS in Katakana japanese characters Pa-Da-N (Padang) 20.8.17 (17th August 1945 from left to right).
(This collection was the history fact that Padang WestSumatra Post at proclamation day still under the Dai Nippon Military administration, They didn’t know about Indonesia Independence proclamation, the information via telegraphy two weeks after that day. If someone have the other postal history with CDS on this proclamation day please informed the editor via comment, tgis is the first informations –auth)
(c) Document Historic’s Collections
(1) The newspaper or Document of August 1945 about the Independence ‘s proclamation ceremony, text of Independence proclamation, and photo illsustrated , still not found .( The informations were started in next year 1946 ,If someone have this type collections please comment and show us-auth.)
(2) Only two type original repro-Photo of the Indonesia Independece proclamation ceremony, the photos had made by Mendur ‘s brothers (two persons) belonged by DEPPEN (D).
(The first time issued as illustrated at six month Independence memoriable magazine , produced by B.Mdiah’s Merdeka magazine Jakarta, August ,17th 1946, I have the original Magazine-auth).
(3) Text of Offisial Indonesia National Song “Indonesia Raja” by R.W.Supratman and The original Indonesia Raya Song by Wage Rudolf Supratman ( the official song with only the first line from the original ‘s one, the original had three line we never heard anymore,i think if we use the second and third line too long , if you want to see the original song please contact us in the comment form-auth
IV. THE MONTH AFTER PROCLAMATION
1.After Proclamation in Augustus 1945
1).August .18th.1945
(1)Indonesia Independence Commitee had decided :
(a) The Basic Laws (UUD) 1945
(b) Ir Sukarno, President Republic Indonesia and Drs Moh. Hatta as the Vice President.
(c) In temporary the work of President were helped by an “National Committee”
(2)Vintage photo illustrated “Indonesia Independent Committee” meeting at Pegangsaan Timur 56, The Sukarno House(P)
(3)Vintage Film Theater(Bioskop)’s picture Propaganda on Dai Nippon Military Post-card, send by Dai Nippon Native ‘s civil worker, postally used without sencored , from CDS Djatinegara 18.8.05 to Magelang , Kedoe Syu Naisebu zaimuka .
The Kanji character on the postally used official Dai Nippon Military’s Picture post card were tranlate of my son’s native Japanese friend
“ The City theater/Bioscope “ and ”The Bioscopeman said Welcome. This Bioscope very famous and please came into Bioskop”
The letter in Kanji: “ Su-Maru-Wan (Su-marwan , name) Sama ( How are you) .
O gen ki de Su Ka (please don’t) O Ka Ge sama de (?)
Watashi Domo wa Ma n na Jo(My Family) bu de o Ri ma su( in health condition) .
Go an Shiu(please don’t) Kudasai(?).
O ma e Wa ima hon tou no Tsu Yaku (?)
In ui Na ri Mashi Ta ne. O me de tou (Congretulation) go za i ma su (?) a no ne (and) cho tto ko no sho (help to look at this photo) shin wo yoku Mite Kuda sai yo(you will be the very good interpreted)
Tai hen i i de su yo (?)Sayonara(Good by)
(The letter from R.Sudarso were told that his friend Sumarwan have passed the exmanination to be the japanese inter-preter, this was the second Military postcard , the first free Dai Nippon military Postcard was send before dai Nippon surrender with information that Sumarwan didn’t passed the examination of Japanese interpreter and he hope Sumawarman studied more hard, looked at “The Unique Document and Postal History Dai Nippon in Java Collection “ in this block. The two postal history native inland postally used free Dai Nippon Military Postcard rare and historic collections, may be someone have the same collection please comment and informed –auth)
2) .Sunday,August .19th.1945
(1)Merdeka Magazine Clipping,Rosihan Anwar, p-74,Jakarta ,Feb.1946.
In Sunday, August 19th 1945, 12.00 pm , I have sat in the meeting room of Indepen-dece Committee in the KOMONFU (?) building. Two days after the Indonesia Nation Independece Proclamation had done.
Now they have talked about the problem of the Government’s administrations , how many the ministaries ? How to countered the Japanese’s power that still existed.?
They meeting very slowly and very difficult to got the decision. I looked the face of the mambers one by one, who sat around the the long desk , they were behalfed of the people from all over Indonesia.
Mr Poedje from Bali not much talked , Dr Amir from Sumatra have seen didn’t have interested , Kiai Wahid Hasyim ( the father of the 4th Indonesia Presiden Abdulrahman Wahid-auth) always standed from his chair , walked in and out the room.
The meeting was went on with the chief was Ir Soekarno, since Saturday (wrong Friday-auth),He was choosed as The President of Republic Indonesia.
The meeting not so clear (tersendat-sendat) , and not stable (gelisah) , maybe because the unfixed future situations.
I didn’t know why in the important day of August 17th 1945 when the Independent of Indonesia nation proclaimed to all over the world , oh why I didn’t in Djakarta that day ?
I don’t blame that everything went suddenly , I just took a bed rest in Soekaboemi Hospital . The Atomic Bom also suddenly .
The President have stood up, the hammer was sounded, What was that ?The meeting Off ,because the Sajoeti Melik’s unanswer-ed questions , dimmissed!
Outside the meetingroom, I have met Mr Kasman Singadimedjo. H e brought the unlacky informations, The Homeland Guard (PETA=Pembela Tanah Air, read “Dai Nippon in Java” about PETA-auth ) must be dismiss-ed.(Dibubarkan) because noused anymore.
Everybodied who hearded this informa-tions were silenced (diam) and St Makmoer was cried like a baby, he sat down and put his handkerchief.
The wether very hot, no wind flowed and I went back to my office . In the Car I have thinked:” Were impossibbled my Homeland passed all of the future’s difficulties? Very heavy the duties were waiting ?
(Rosihan Anwar was the senior Indonesian Journalist who have seen the Indonesia Independence war, but very pitty he wasn’t seen the Independence proclamation.Sorry Mr Rosihan if my free translate didn’t right as your meaning and I hope your comment ,please,
New Information I found at October 2009, during the meeting at Indonesia National Police Headquaters Kebayoran Baru Jakarta, the center of Police’s Medical and Health, in this meeting August,19th.1945, the meeting decided that Indonesian National Police under the inland manistry (Menteri Dalam Negeri) and the organisation’s named “Jawatan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia and as the first chief “ The First Commissioner Raden Said Soekanto Tjokrodiatmodjo” When I asked the footnoted or sourced , they cann’t gave me, please someone who ever read or have the historic’s document about this informations please comment.
I have collected some informations about the Medical and Health functions during Indonesia Independence’s wa when I am still on duty between 1994-1996, and I will put that informations in this bookr–auth)
(2) Chronologic The Sate of Repulbic Indonesian ( Moerdijanto, Police Academy Memoriable Book, 1952, after this with abbrevation M)
The First Indonesia Presidentiil ‘s Cabinet , (until November 4th 1945)(M).
(Many menistry of the first cabinet were the man who callaborated with Dai Nippon Military administrations and the youngmen didn’t like because they afraid the allied armed forces will captured them as the Dai Nippon war- crime, that is way the first cabinet were changed to the Parliamentery Cabinet with Prime Minestry when the Allies were came in November 1945 -auth)
(3) The Sukarno’s Order of Sri Paduka Ingkeng Sinuwun Kandjeng Sultan Hamanku Buwono IX
(The Collections of Jogya ‘s Order,Jogja’s Government ,1952) _________________________________________
We are The President of Republic Indonesia, decided that (menetapkan) :
Inkeng Sinuwun Kangjeng Sultan Hamengkubuwono, Senopati Ing Ngalogo, Abdurachman Sajidin Panotogomo, Kalifatullah Inkang kaping IX In Ngajogjokarto Hadiningrta.
Pada Kedudukannja dengan keper-cayaan bahwa Seri Paduka Kanjeng Sultan akan mentjurahkan segala Fikiran , tenaga, Djiwa dan Raga untuk Keselamatan daerah Jogjakarta sebagai bagian dari pada Republik Indonesia.(J)
(In his status on the belief that the honoured Kanjeng Sultan will poured all his thingking, power, Soul and body to the safety of Jogjakarta area as the part of Republic Indonesia-free translate by auth ) ______________________________________
3).August .20th
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(1) Off cover, Dutch East Indie stamp without overprint,Dancer 7 cent ,postally used CDS Magelang 20.8.05, still used Japanese calender. The Magelang post office still under Dai Nippon Administration .(PH)
(2) Dai Nippon Postcard postally used with dai NipponJava stamp 5 Sen green coconut and mountain design ,from CDS Semarang 20.8.05 to Boejaran, the letter about Coconut oil distribution , the distribution must be controlled by Mr Soncho (the Village’s chief), and the price F.6,65 per Tin(kaleng), and the empty tin must reported and bring back. The Postcard must bring during distribution. Sign and stamped by Semarang Syu Syokutyo Haikyu Kumiai. (PH)(Dai Nippon administrations still have power after surrendered until the Allied came in November 1945 and The complete Dai Nippon information read Dia Nippon in java in this block-aut
(3) Homemade Cover from Dutch East Indie form, postally used from The Chief of Pariaman Government (West Sumatra) CDS in katakana character Pariaman 20.8.21 to Padang CDS 20.8.25 with Sumatra Dai Nippon stamp 2 x 50 cent (rate one Gulden) .(PH)
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4).August.21th
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(1) Official (DINES) Tekisan Kanrika (The enemy’s property account office) west Sumatra , still in juapanese character, 3 ½ cent Karbouw design Dai Nippon Postcard , and increades rate with 31/2 cent Dai nippon Sumatra stamp, rate became 7 cent. CDS in katakana Padang 20.8.21,( This is the latest Dai Nippon Official sent a postcard with dai Nippon kanji char. At this day the historic book said that Padang Post office was occupied by the chief of West Sumatra Indonesia post office M.Sudibjo but why the postman still used the dai nippon character date stamped ? . This historic card was the evedinece of the increase postal rate to 7 cent, V.Esbense report that he have no evidence that postal rate increase during August or September 1945, very pity my best friend V.Esbensen had pass away , I hope he could read this information from heaven -auth)
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5). August,22th
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Indonesia People defend/ Armed Forces (BKR,Badan Keamanan Rakyat) was builded.(D)
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6)..August,23th
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(1) The Poor Death Certificate issued at 23-VIII-2605 by Grogol-Sontyo ,signed by the writer, with Grogol(West Jakarta area) village chief with Old Dutch Grogol official stamped(D) ( very rare document with three historic times, this in the only historic document collectionever seen, please comment and report-auth)
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7)..August.24th
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(1) The recevied certificate, F.1866,- for buying 14 Karoeng (Native bag) Toba-cco 933 kg, Grabag (Center Java) ,date 24/8-05 on Common Dai Nippon rice field -.15 cent revenue (PH)
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8.) August,27th
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(1) Off cover Dutch East indie Stamps without overprint, Dancer ,3x7cent and 3×2 ½ cent, Circulaire Date Stamped Probo-linggo(east java) 27.8.05(PH)
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9.) August,24th
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(1) Civil Affair agreement between British emperor and Dutch Kingdom , that the chief Command of Allied Armed Forces in Indonesia will holded the power under the name of Dutch Government. In order to administrated the civil affairs will done by the NICA employees under the British command and the power will bring back to Dutch later (Due to the Brithish very delayed came to Indonesia, the people of Republic Indonesia had enough time and very fast tro occupied all the japanese’s building and guns except the bigger city like Semarang , Surabaya, eastern Island and Sumatra –Auth)(D)
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10)..August,29th
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(1) Dai Nippon Sumatra 31/2 cent postcard stationer used from Padang CDS in Kanji Padang 20.8.29 (20 ,year-1945 read from left to right ), to Padang Pandjang (west Suma-tra). The Padang accout office stamped and the Japanese character was hidden with Blue Bloch.The special postalstamped in Kanji “ryo kin kan no”( Postage had Paid)were used because the shortege of stamps and Dai Nippon Sumatora (,Sumatra Military Administration). (This is the earliest Dai nippon Official tax office change from the Dai Nippon character Tekisan Kanrika to English char , Ryo Kin Kan No stamped used to increase the postal rate.This Ryo kin kan stamped were use because the shortaged of DN stamps duringthe last part of occupation , this stamped was certainly applied to postal card and money order card , this card was the earliest used of that stamped, the Dutch collector as report by V.Esbensen, the earliest date 29.9.45 at Pakanbaroe collection Joep Bonn, my collection was more earliest. -auth)
(2) In this Day, Sukarno officially announced thebuilding of Indonesia Central National Comitee (KNPI)with the it’s chief Mr Kasman Singodimedjo . Then this Comitee became the Temporary Parliament . (D &P)
(3)KNPI –National Comitee was inaugurated by Sukarno at the art’s building(Gedung Budaya) Pasar baru (Ex Dutch East Indie “ ‘s Art& eintertenments’s Building=gedung Kesenian) (ibid,M,1952)
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11) 30 Aguastus 1945
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(1) Several off cover Dutch east indie dancer stamps without overprint were used in Java, 4x 5 cent CDS Tegal30.8.5 , Dancer 5 cent Malang 20.8.5, Dai Nippon Java stamp 80 cent CDS Ambarawa 30.8.05.( the collector who have another postally used off cover stamp from another area,( Please comment with your informations,temporary conclusion only Padang west Sumatra have occupied the postal office and some japanese acout office , but why the Postal Mark still in Japanese character although the Tekisan kanrika was changed in English, may be the Japanese thing that the Dutch property were not the enemy property because Tekisan kanrika means the enemy property andministration office, that is way Japanese was started change the name into Account office in English word , what about another area ?-auth)
2. SEPTEMBER 1945
BEFORE AND EARLIEST ALLIED FORCES CAME IN SEPTEMBER 1945
1)SEPTEMBER 1st 1945
(1)The National salute “MERDEKA” was officially announce with one hand up at the ear level with five fingers ,meaning that the state of Republic Indonesia based one five sila(Panca sila) and Red-white pin start to use(D).
(2)Van Mook, Dutch Letnant-Governor General of the Indies, met British Lord Mountbatten in Ceylon and asked that Japanese troops still in Indonesia be ordered by the British to suppress the Republican gfoverment be the Japanese delay.(The Republican especially the youngmen very fast movement to got the guns from Japanese except the biggest city like Semarang and Surabaya –auth)(D)
2)September ,4th 1945
(1)Indonesia Red Cross was inagurated.(D)
(2)Dutch aeroplanes flea above Jakarta, everybody were waited the British Allied Forces (D).
3)September.5th 1945
(1)Radio limited channels licensed Certificate, in the Japanese and Indonesia character form and the radio’channel have been protected only for the japanese program , with theDai Nippon official stamped that radio have protected (D)
(2)Sultan Hemangkubuwono IX and Paku Alam VIII declare that their kingdome to be part of Indonesia . The copy on their statement (Jogja Government,1952):
(1.1)The Statement of Hemangkubuwono IX
Sri Paduka Inkeng Sinuwun Kangdjeng Sultan.
We hemangku Buwono IX. Sultan Negeri Ngajogjakarta hadiningrat announced:
– That the State of Ngajogjakarta Hadiningrat as the Kingdom was the state of Republic Indonesia’s special area.
– That we as the Area Chief holded all the power in the State of Ngajogjakarta Hadiningrat , and because of the situation this time, all the government administration in the state of Ngajogjakarta Hadiningrat since this time under our hand and other powers we handed all.
– That because the straight relationship between the state of Ngajogjakarta hadiningrat and the central government of the state of republic Indonesia. We have the straight responsibility to the President of Republic Indonesia.
– We order all the citizen in the country Ngajogjkarta hadiningrat to obey this statement.
– Ngajogjakarta Hadiningrat 28 Puasa Ehe 1876 or 5-9-1945.Hamenbgku Buwono IX (D)
(1.2)The statement of Paku Alam VII
Sri Paduka Kangdjeng Gusti
Pangeran Adipati Ario Paku Alam
We Paku Alam VIII the chief of Paku- Alaman state , Ngajogjakarta Hadiningrat country, declare :
-That the state of Paku-Alaman, as the Kingdom were the Special area of the State of Republic Indonesia.
-That we as the areal chief handed all the power in the state of Paku-Alaman and that is way because of the recent situation all the government in the state of Paku-Alaman start from this day and other power were in our hands.
-Between The state of Paku-Alaman and the central Government of Republic Indonesia have the straight relationship and we have responsibility straight (langsung) to the President of Republic Indonesia (D)
(d) The photo of the first Cabinet , command straight by President Sukarno were born this day (P)
4) September.6th 1945
(1) The allies Radio have informed that Lord Louis Mountbatten as the chief of South East Asia Command (SEAC)’s Allied armed forces ,Singapore as the headquaters.
He have ordered the Dai Nippon Gunseirekan to dismissed the State Of Republic Indonesia(NRI) and captured their leaders and brought to the allies.
This informations was made the Japanese became strong again and have insiatived to fight against the Native Indonesia peoples. (D)
(2) The Vintage photo of Lord Mountbatted (P)
___________________________________________
5)September,8th 1945
(1)Seven Laisson officers of Allied Mission was landed by parachutes at Kemayoran airport. They have duties to report the situations of Republic Indonesia as the preparations of Allied armed forces
__________________________________________
6).September,9th 1945 __________________________________________
(1)Japanese armed forces in eastern area Indonesi finally surrender to Australian allied forces at Morotsai and Timor Kupang harbor(D)
(2)Postally used Dai Nippon Java 31/2 cent postcard , the rate still same before Independence proclamation in Java (altough in july 1945 the Dai Nippon Postal Administration had annouced the increase of Postal rate, but in java cann’t done but in Sumatra the increase of postal rate had done, Read Dai Nippon in Java-auth), send from CDS Bogor 8.9.05 to Djakarta without sencored.
Communication between E.A.Portier Nisja 35 Bandoori 7 street(still japanese name-auth) to Ch.Poiri about the bigger fiesta with 1000 invitations, but many couldn’t came. The first priest couldn’t came, the second priest were sicked since two weeks, and the third priest work outside the town.
My brother and sisters also haven’t came and I had sicked since one week .
Why the grand ma XXXVI years old , not 35 , must study again, please dodn’t made a joke on me.
In the nex Tuesday or Wednesday ,here will be KERK(church) concert that is way we cann’t go to Djakarta.
Dad very angry that you didn’t came
Because you have promise( Because the worst situation the Fieasta not succeed, everybody was afraid to went out their own houses, also they cann’t travel out of the city –auth)
IV . BRITISH ARMED FORCES OCCUPIED INDONESIA 1
1.OCTOBER 1945
2. NOVEMBER 1945
3. DECEMBER 1945
1) DEC 1st .
The earliest Dai Nippon Postal stationer card 31/2 cent used at Blora (east java ) Post office by Republican with CDS-post cancelled with International date 1.12.45 not in Dai Nippon date 05, also Chinese overseeas Blora had written indonesia national Independence greeting ” SALAM MERDEKA” this card send to Parakan to tell that he have recieved the latter and thank you.
2)Dec. 3rd :Mr Longemaan, Dutch colonial menister , announced that Dutch kingdom will meeting NRI prime minister St Syahrir , but our didn’t excepted with President Sukarno.
3)Dec.4th : Prime minister St Syahril annouced that the meeting with Dutch gouverment only if Dutch execpted State of Republic Indonesia in facct and Justice.
4)Dec.5th : a. The British allied forces leave Banjoebiroe village at central Java due to the situation that they cann.t defend themself against the NRI troops attacked . Ambarawa were surrounded by Republican,s troops and many Allies forces dropped with parachutes rom airfighter to the Republican area. b. At singapura , there were meeting between Admiral Lord Mounbatten , Let.Gen. Christison and Dr H.J. van Mook to take the strong attacked in order to stabilized the worse security situation in Java and give back the authority to Dutch east indie Gouverment (that time called “NICA” Netherlands Indie civil Agency-auth) . Banjoebiroe Fort occupied by the Republic Indonesia People army(laskar).
5)Dec.8th : Bogor attacked by British Allied forces with NICA soldier.
6)Dec.9th. : Republican troops occupied Semarang Airport “Kalibanteng” that is why the allied forces couldn’t dropped troops and amunition etc to battle area around Ambarawa ,and this situation made Allied forces became weaker . Soekaboemi ,s bombardement .
7)Dec.11th : a. Colonel Sudirman ’s meeting with the Republican Armies ‘s commanders in order to prepared the Ambarawa Liberation General attack (Serangan Umum-very popular among Indonesian) . b. The Indonesian Poeple Security Army (TKR_Tentara keamanan Rakjat) had succeed to protect the British Food convoy from Jakarta to Bandung.
8)De.12th : The General Ambarawa Liberation attacked strating at 4.30 pm in this day with Sudirman coordination. Col Sudirman order to made Road Barricade between Semarang and Ambarawa in order to prevent Allied reinforcement form semarang . The Allies borbardement the village around Ambarawa but didn’t succeed to help Allied forces March across Tuntang River.
9)De.13th :a.The battle between Indonesian people with British army at Bekasi at Bekasi and that city was flamming by British armies. b. Many Tebingtinggi(North sumatra) people army (Laskar) attacked Dai Nippon offices there in order to find the guns , but they didn;t succeeed , many died shooted by the dai Nippon soldiers.
10)Dec.14th : The first Republican Cancelled CDS Padang REP. Indonesia 14.12.45 on Postal saving book , this the earliest Republican postmark at Padang west sumatra.
11)Dec.15th . The British allied forces leaving Ambarawa back to Semarang and republican armies marched into the city ( Sudirman became the hero of Ambarawa battle, and later he were choose to The highest command of Indonesia National Armed Forces-auth)
12)Dec.17th British allied forces burned Bekasi
13)Dec.18th Col Sudirman was choosen by all Indonesian regional commander to be The Highest Command (Panglima Besar) of republic Indonesia TKR (People Secured Army) and his rank up to General . Dr H.J. van Mook arrived at Netherlands in order to the meeting with his Government about Polical action against Indonesia.
14)Dec.24th Agrreement between TKR and British Allied Forces about APWI (Allied Prisoner od War Indonesia) action against Dai Nippon’s POW. The earliest Republic Indonesia postal used cover send withs CDS Sawahloento ( west sumatra) Rep. Indonesia 24.12.45 to Padang with overprint repoebelik Indonesia on DN overprint DEI Stamps kon 10 cent(triple overprints) .
15)Dec.25th Solo(Soerakarta) developed RED People army (Laskar Merah) .
Dec 26th Dutch NICA (Netherlands Indies Civil Agency) Soldier tried to kill prime menister St.Syahril , but didn’t succeed.
16)Dec 27th The London meeting between British and Netherland about Indonesian situasion. The Badan pekerja KNIP (Center Indonesia National Comittee -worker ) choosen the president(ketua) KNIP Mr Soepeno, vice : m.Natsir, and secretary Mr Sjafroedin Prawiranegara.
17) Dec 29th : British allied army have take over the gun(melucuti) of Indonesia National Police (POLRI) at jakarta
18) Dec.30th : 800 Dutch Marine landing at Tandjong Priok Batavia(Jakarta) and they marched in the center of the city (Photo-IPPHOS)
The end@copyright Dr Iwan Suwandy,MHA 2010.
PS. Please all the collectors be patient his e-book still in processing, the compete book only for pre,mium member, register your nam via comment.
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